Following is a collection of books (and some papers) which present a general survey of parallel processing issues. This list is of course not intended to be exhaustive.

The Design and Analysis of Parallel Algorithms, by Selim G. Akl. Prentice Hall, 1989.

Parallel Computation: Models and Methods, by Selim G. Akl. Prentice Hall, 1997.

Highly Parallel Computing (second edition), by George S. Almasi and Allan Gottlieb. Benjamin/Cummings, 1994. Good overview of hardware and applications, including some not found in most other books, such as in AI.

Introduction to Parallel Programming, by Steven Brawer. Academic Press, 1989.

How to Write Parallel Programs: a First Course, by Nicholas Carriero and David Gelernter. MIT Press, 1990. Gelernter is the inventor of the Linda parallel language. There are a lot of Linda examples here, but the techniques presented are general.

Distributed and Parallel Computing, Hesham El-Rewini and Ted G. Lewis. Manning, 1998.

Scalable Parallel Computing: Technology, Architecture, Programming, by Kai Hwang and Zhiwei Xu. McGraw-Hill, 1998. This is a comprehensive "catalog," long on breadth though short on depth. Has a very extensive appendix of parallel processing Web sites, which Hwang says will be continually updated over time.

Parallel Systems in the Data Warehouse, by Stephen Morse and David Isaac. Prentice Hall, 1998. Up-to-date information on specific commercial products in shared-memory parallel hardware.

The Art of Parallel Programming, by Bruce P. Lester. Prentice Hall, 1993. Nice overview of techniques and applications.

The book by Chris Nevison et al, covering a parallel processing curriculum developed by several universities. This covers both techniques and applications. Source code for the programs (in PVM) is available at their ftp site.

My favorite MPI book is the text by Pacheco. You can read an earlier and much shorter version online. It covers techniques and a few applications, mainly numerical analysis.

Parallel Computing: Theory and Practice (second edition), by Michael J. Quinn. McGraw-Hill, 1994.

High-Performance Computer Architecture (second edition), by Harold S. Stone. Addison-Wesley, 1990.

Practical Parallel Programming, by Gregory V. Wilson. MIT Press, 1995. Excellent overview of methods and applications.

Principles of Database Query Processing for Advanced Applications, by Clement T. Yu and Weiyi Meng. Morgan Kaufmann, 1998. Chapter 5 gives an excellent overview of parallel methods in relational database operations.